The classic modern option is a concrete ring.

In fact, that a well or well is supplied with clean water, you will have to take care of some support, for example, filters. In the past, as now, the wells were carefully lined with a stone so that the collapse and pollution of water does not occur (even if the animal falls into the well, it will ruin the water). Now they do the same, but additional processing of the well is also required to prevent modern pollutants from entering the groundwater, namely toxins. Previously, the well was made manually (it was dug up with shovels and the perimeter was manually designed by stones). The classic modern option is a concrete ring. The well itself is dug up using heavy earthmovation, and the well is made by a large drilling apparatus.